22 Ekim 2025 Çarşamba

Possible primordial DNA formation .R-handed ssDNA viruses and R-handed ssRNA viruses can combine in a mirror image position or reversed mirror image position to each other to form a primordial DNA.


R-handed ssDNA viruses and R-handed ssRNA viruses can combine in a mirror image position or reversed mirror image position to each other to form a primordial DNA in probiotic soup
 








DNA should have one strand type  instead of two . Both strands may be copies of each other but in the opposite directional position of the mirror image of each other.They are not just symmetrical and homochiral look like our hands. We see our right hand as if our left hand in the mirror but what we see it  is the right hand, only the direction has changed oppositely




All hands and strands in this figure are Right-handed.Figures are modified from Quizlet.Morphology of the virus)
DNA helix and R-handed everything is always right handed in every directional position but directionality can be change according to the position
A left-handed glove cannot be made without altering the structure of the right-handed glove. If we rotate our right hand or right glove 180 degrees counterclockwise, right-handedness does not change, but the directions change in the opposite direction. Right direction  becomes left direction. Evolution's transition to multicellular organisms must have begun because R-handed DNA strands managed to be arranged in mirror-image positions opposite to each other.
   There must have been billions of ssDNA viruses and ssRNA viruses in the primordial soup; that is why it is possible for them to randomly combine at positions opposite to each other's mirror images.Evolution must have formed first DNA by configuring the together with a R-handed virus strand and its  reversed  mirror image and also two R-handed RNA viruses can combine in reversed mirror-image positions of each other to make the first DNA.Another possibility is R-handed 5'-3' oriented ssDNA can form primordial DNA in conjunction with 3'-5' oriented ssRNA.Thymine-uracil and ribose- deoxiribose sugar change must have occurred in the primordial soup DNA either through mutation or another positional method. A r-handed ssDNA virus could combine with a right-handed ssDNA virus in the opposite directional position to its mirror image to form double-stranded DNA, giving rise to multicellular organisms.One of the strands in the 5'-3' direction of the dsDNA virus can be copied by the ssRNA and provide the first starts in transcription.During transcription, RNA synthesis always occurs in the 5' → 3' direction. That is, RNA polymerase reads the template strand of DNA in the 3' → 5' direction and creates a complementary RNA strand.The "opposite homochiral duality" rule seems to apply to transcription as well.
 

A new and potentially important approach to DNA structure
Lagging strand structure may be  created by reversed mirror image arrangement of the leading strand in DNA In fact, DNA should have only one type of strand. Strands are copies of each other and located in reversed mirror image of each other on DNA   .
 DNA have two strands but the mirror image of one strand may be the inverted directional copy of the other strand. Therefore, one strand can combine with its reversed mirror image directional to form a two-strand helical structure. The strands are arranged in opposite directions, homochiral, and reversed mirror-image of each other within the helix. Like our right and left hands, they are homochiral 



The reversed mirror image directional position of the DNA strands structuring may  create a helical structure of two R-handed strands.The right glove cannot be made into a left glove in any way, but its direction can be changed without damaging its structure.Nature and Evolution must have formed first primitive DNA by configuring the together with  a R-handed virus strand and its  reversed  mirror image.








DNA consists of two antiparallel strands: one runs 5'→3', the other 3'→5'.Sipiral strands may be  located in the reversed mirror image position of each other in DNA structure.
In addition ,DNA might  be  located in the cells of the right and left body halves of living things, reversed mirror image position of each other.
One strand runs from the 5′ to 3′ direction, and the other runs 3′ to 5′. DNA is composed of two strands forming a double helix, built from repeating units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide consist of phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, and a nitrogenous base.
Nucleotides are linked by phosphodiester bonds between the phosphate of one nucleotide and the 3' carbon of the sugar in the next.This creates a sugar-phosphate backbone with directionality: one end is the 5' end (phosphate group), and the other is the 3' end (hydroxyl group).DNA consists of two antiparallel strands: one runs 5'→3', the other 3'→5'.The strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases .A pairs with T (2 hydrogen bonds)and G pairs with C (3 hydrogen
 bonds)
In each human cell, DNA is approximately 2 meters long, forming a double helix.
DNA is compressed into the cell nucleus, which is only 6 micrometers in diameter. This incredibly dense packing is achieved through histone proteins and chromatin structures.The human body contains approximately 30 trillion (3 × 10¹³) cells.If we add the 2 meters of DNA in each cell end to end:This equates to 60 trillion kilometers.Despite DNA being so long, its orderly packaging in the cell nucleus ensures that genes are turned on and off at the right times.

The 2-meter helix, which can be placed within the 6-micrometer-diameter space of the nucleus, can be positioned in any direction, but its Right-handedness remains constant. We can't transform a Right-handed glove into a Left-handed glove without changing its shape, but we can change its orientation as desired.
The reversed mirror-image arrangement of DNA strands does not change their Right-handedness, but the directions change in opposite directions.Handednees can not be changed  but directions can be change oppositely.
Evolution might  has combined the right-handed DNA strands in reverse mirror-image positions, located both strands together into a right-handed structure in helix

DNA strands are also the  copies of each other and have the same structure  and homochiral  like our right and left  hands but they might be  located in  reversed mirror image positions of each other in DNA helix.Our right and left hands are homochiral but not completly symmetrical

DNA and genes may be located in reversed mirror image positions of each other in the cells of the Right and left body halves 


Strands are homochiral and slightly asymmetrical spirals just like our right and left hands but located in reversed mirror image position.R/L hands are tne mirror image of eachother. 
Reversed mirror-image localizastion  of the DNA and genes  in the R/L body half cells ensures that the Right and Left body halves of living things are homochiral, mirror-images of each other.In transcription and replication, the located of DNA strands in reversed mirror-image position of each other may be an important and obligatory.





DNA helix and R-handed everything is always R- handed in every directional position but directionality can be changeble.R-handed DNA strands are reversed mirror image position of each other on DNA.If one of the strand is Right -directional, the other one have to be Left-directional due to reversed mirror image position.

All the hands are palmar side of the R- hand in this figure.Both DNA strands are right-handed and they are located in opposite position of the mirror image of each other in DNA structure. The two hands at the top of the figure points mirror image in reversed directinal position of DNA in R/L body half parts. A left-handed glove cannot be made without altering the structure of the right-handed glove. If we rotate our right hand or right glove 180 degrees counterclockwise, right-handedness does not change, but the directions change in the opposite direction.The leading strand is blue, and the lagging strand is red. R- blue hand thumb and L-red hand thumb point to strands directions in the L/R body parts and they show directional changing of the strands.

When the R- DNA in the cells on the R-half of the body parts is rotated 180 degrees down to up  or 180 degrees counterclockwise direction , the R-handedness cannot change but the directionality can be changed in opposite direction. DNA strands are located opposite directional mirror-image positions of each other in DNA structure. Direction of the DNA strands has also changed in the opposite direction in the R/L body parts cell. If the leading strand may be positioned in the 5'-3' direction in the R- body half cells, it is in the 3'-5'opposite direction in the L- body half cells. A single strand is copied in protein synthesis. When the mRNA is transcribed from the leading strand in the R -body halve cells, it must be oriented oppositely in the L- body halve cells and with this placement model, it can ensure homochiral asymmetry of the right-left body halves and the left-handedness of all amino acids in living things.

The mirror image reversed localization of DNA and genes  each other  in the R/L body halve cells  may create a R/L asymmetric mirror image homochiral body structuring. This phenomenon may provide an explanation for the always use of L-handed amino asides in protein synthesis.

Reversed mirror image position of DNA strands model developed by evolution must have provided the homochiral structures of multicellular organisms.

Comparison of the Total Length of Genes and DNA in the Human Body

CriterionTotal length of genes (protein-coding parts)Total DNA length (in the cell nucleus)
Base pair countAbout 1.5% of the genome codes for proteinsHaploid genome ≈ 3 billion base pairs; diploid ≈ 6–6.4 billion base pairs
Physical length (per cell)Only a small fraction; protein-coding sequences occupy very little of the genomeIf stretched out, DNA in a single human cell is ≈ 2 meters long
Relative scaleGenes make up a very small slice of the genomeDNA includes everything: genes + introns + regulatory and non-coding regions(wikipedia)

Conclusion,Commentary and new suggestions 


A right-handed single-stranded DNA virus could combine with a right-handed DNA virus in the opposite directional position to its mirror image to form double-stranded DNA, giving rise to multicellular organisms.

The total length of human DNA is vastly greater than the combined length of protein-coding genes.If the DNA in all the cells in the human body were added end to end, it would be 60 trillion kilometers long. As summarized above, the length of genes in DNA is very short according to DNA long

The reversed mirror-image arrangement of DNA, DNA strands, and genes in the right and left halves of the body cells may explain the formation of advanced multicellular organisms during evolution. It may revolutionize the production of artificial organisms or artificial DNA.This localization model can determine where genes expression can be located in extremely long DNA strands.



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